The view that the Chinese leadership was desperate to negotiate a trade deal, to avoid economic pain that could destabilize Chinese society and threaten the Chinese Communist Party’s monopoly on power, is common among China hawks in the United States. This analysis is partly accurate, but it has led many to draw false conclusions.

China has advanced this year's stimulus plans but is holding off on fresh measures as it tries to maintain composure, betting on Washington blinking first in a protracted trade war. The Communist Party's elite decision-making body,

Beijing appears to be bedding in for a protracted battle with the US over tariffs. The Chinese government laid out policies Monday to aid its exporters affected by the trade war, including loan support for troubled firms and measures to further boost domestic consumption.