Discover the life and legacy of Lycurgus, Sparta's legendary lawgiver, whose reforms forged a society of equality and military discipline.

The division of the population into distinct social classes varied across different city-states, kingdoms and polities in ancient Greece.

Robin Waterfield’s new translation of Thucydides’ “The History of the Peloponnesian War” offers clarity but little consolation as we face upheaval and conflict.

Many self-professed champions of freedom throughout the centuries have looked to ancient Sparta as an inspiration. The doomed stand of 300 Spartan warriors against the Persian Empire at Thermopylae in ...

Bagnall (The Punic Wars, 2005), a former British army chief of the general staff, completed this rigorous study of ancient Greece's 27-year civil war just before his death in 2002. A seminal event in ...

TimesMachine is an exclusive benefit for home delivery and digital subscribers. About the Archive This is a digitized version of an article from The Times’s print archive, before the start of online ...

The year 2020 has been hard in so many ways for so many people. Binge-watching and binge-reading and even binge-cooking have helped some of us through it. For people who like the idea of visiting such ...

For thousands of years, Greeks have been divided among themselves. From civil wars during the 1821 Revolution and the early ...

Joel Christensen does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond ...