Surgery was rare and risky in the medieval period. Though medical options were limited, trans people were able to take transitioning into their own hands.

For centuries, the Catholic Church straddled the world of medieval Europe. Every king, queen, knight, serf and soldier lived and died within the embrace of the Catholic faith. The church was not ...

Climate change is changing behaviour of crocodiles Researchers cautioned that this method of studying historical records was somewhat flawed since few people in medieval Europe were literate and ...

His work centers on Muslim-Christian-Jewish relations and ethno-religious identity in medieval Europe and the Islamic World, and the history of the pre-Modern Mediterranean. In addition to many ...

Medieval people, including surgeons and patients ... Soon after, the woman headed to Bologna, which was the surgery capital of Europe at the time. There, a surgeon cut open the woman’s vulva ...

(The Conversation is an independent and nonprofit source of news, analysis and commentary from academic experts.) Sarah Barringer, University of Iowa (THE CONVERSATION) Restrictions on medical ...